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HOME   -   PEOPLE IN HISTORY A-Z   -   WILLIAM V

 
   


Prince William V  1748-1806
Prince William V  1748-1806


Last of the Stadtholders

William, or Willem as the Dutch called him, was the prince of Orange and Nassau.

Image Above
Stadholder Prince William V (1748-1806)

Detail from Johann Friedrich August Tischbein's chalk pastel on vellum, created in 1789.

Rijksmuseum


William was the last stadtholder, which you can also spell stadholder or stadhouder, of the Dutch Republic, and reigned as such from 1751 until 1795.

He encountered rocky times during his reign thanks to the Dutch Patriot movement.

 

William's Life

William V Batavus was born on March 8, 1748, at The Hague, Netherlands.


His father was William IV, who lived 1711 - October 22, 1751.

His mother was Anne of Hanover, who lived 1709 - January 12, 1759.

 

William V became stadtholder upon his father's death, he was three years of age. His mother, Princess Anne of Hanover, ruled in wee William's stead until her death in 1759. After that the Duke Louis Ernest of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel performed this task.

William turned 18 in 1766 and began to rule himself, keeping the Duke of Brunswick as his counselor.

 

On October 4, 1767, William V married Wilhelmina of Prussia. Wilhelmina, in turn, was the sister of the future   Frederick William II, King of Prussia, which would come in handy in 1787 against the Patriots (see below).

 

Frederika Sophia Wilhelmina of Prussia (1751-1820), wife of Willem V
Frederika Sophia Wilhelmina of Prussia (1751-1820), wife of Willem V
Painting by Benjamin Samuel Bolomey, 1770
Rijksmuseum
 

 

In 1772, William and Wilhelmina had a son, who would grow up to become King William I of the Netherlands.

 

1780-1784 Anglo-Dutch War

 

In 1785, William left The Hague because of the Patriot rebels.

1787 Dutch Patriots' Revolt

By October 1787, and thanks to Prussian support, William V of Orange had the Dutch Crisis under control.

Check this event in the timeline of the French Revolution.


William returned to The Hague in late 1787.

 

The French, led by General Charles Pichegru, ended William's reign in January 1795 when they invaded the Netherlands.

William V fled to England on January 18, 1795. The French proclaimed him officially gone on February 23, 1795, and installed the Batavian Republic.

 

In November 1802, William moved to his Nassau estates on the mainland (Germany).

 

William V died on April 9, 1806, at Braunschweig (Brunswick), Germany.

 

See also Governments of the Netherlands.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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