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ELIZABETH I
1533 - 1603
Note her pretty hands.
Good Queen Bess, as Elizabeth I was
also called, lived 1533 - 1603. Another nickname was The Virgin
Queen. She was Queen of England 1558 - 1603.
As one of the most captivating rulers in history, Elizabeth came to
power at a time when women were expected not to participate in
public life.
Much like her father, Henry VIII,
she had great charisma. She also knew how to operate very
economically with the small budget she had at the beginning of her
reign.
Elizabeth was courageous, intelligent, and insightful to human
nature. She carefully navigated through the minefields of politics
and was a lively person in private. She assumed the responsibility
of her office and received the respect and loyalty of her subjects.
Elizabeth was famous for her speeches, e.g. her Golden Speech of
1601.
FAMILY
Lizzy's father was Henry VIII. Her
mother was Anne Boleyn.
Her half-sister, Mary I, came from Henry's first wife
Catherine of Aragon.
Half-brother Edward VI was from Henry's third wife
Jane Seymour.
YOUTH
Elizabeth's birth was not much celebrated because her father wanted a
male heir. When Elizabeth was two years of age, her mother Anne
Boleyn, Henry's second wife was executed.
Elizabeth received a royal education. Her studies included Greek,
Latin, French, Italian, history, rhetoric, philosophy and theology.
The tutors were impressed by her intellect and wit.
PRISON
Elizabeth's half-sister Mary I was a ruthless Catholic who
persecuted Protestants. During Mary's reign a rebellion was put down
and Elizabeth became one of the suspects. She was imprisoned in the
Tower of London for two months, but no evidence was found of her
involvement.
STRATEGY
Elizabeth learned from an early age when to keep her thoughts
concealed, and how to make her opinions known in a diplomatic way.
Later she turned the disadvantage of being a woman ruler into an
advantage and promoted a regime motivated by sincere love of her
subjects. She was genuinely respected.
SUCCESSION
Her successor was the son of Mary Queen of Scots, James VI
of Scotland, who became James I of England
and thus the Stuarts succeeded to the throne of England.
Here is more on the
Stuart
family.
REMARKABLE
Much to the despair of many people, Elizabeth decided to stay
single. Reasons for this decision are not known. Most likely, she
just did not wish to compromise her power. This, however, didn't
stop her from conducting marriage “negotiations” as part of
political strategies.
LIZZY AROUND AGE 13. SHE WAS
ALWAYS VERY PROUD OF HER HANDS.
WAR WITH SPAIN
Encouraged by the pope, Catholic Spain, led by
Philip II, launched their fleet of 130
ships, the Invincible Armada, in an attempt to defeat
Protestant England.
Mistakenly, the planned land reinforcement did not arrive in time.
The exposed fleet was driven to the north and hit by vicious storms.
The Spanish fleet had to retreat via Ireland's west coast. During
this withdrawal, most ships and their crews were lost.
In all, 63 Spanish ships were lost, only 4 in battle.
1588 Route of
the Spanish Armada
1588 Routes of the Spanish Armada (USMA)
ELIZABETH'S SHORT BIOGRAPHY
1533 September 7 - Birth at Greenwich, England
1547 Death of Henry VIII; Edward VI becomes king
1553 Death of Edward VI (tuberculosis);
Mary becomes Queen of
England
1554 Imprisonment in Tower of London
1558 November 17 - Queen of England
1588 Defeat of the Spanish Armada
1603 March 24 - Death at Richmond, Surrey, England
Here is Elizabeth I's
timeline.
And here are the maps:
Map of Western
Europe in the Time of Elizabeth
Click map to enlarge
SPANISH
EMPIRE UNDER PHILIP II
Click map to enlarge.
1560 Europe
1560 Europe -
Progress of the Reformation
1560
Europe - Religion
1598 World Map
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