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HUNDRED YEARS' WAR
1337 - 1453
The Hundred Years' War was fought
between England and France over a period of more than a hundred
years, to be exact from 1337 - 1453.
Battles flared up sporadically and took place mainly because of
disagreements concerning the legitimate successor to the French
crown. The battleground was almost entirely in France.
FRANCE IN 1453
WHAT STARTED THE
WAR?
In 1337, French king Philip VI confiscated Guyenne, an area
in southwest France that belonged to the English king
Edward III.
This act became the straw that broke the camel's back and turned an
ongoing quarrel between England and France into an outright war
between the two.
WHAT ENDED THE
WAR?
The turning point of the war was raising of the
Siege of Orleans by
the English in 1429. They were driven out of Northern France and the
final battle took place at Castillon on July 17, 1453, with a
victory for France.
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JOAN OF ARC -
NOT YOUR AVERAGE 17 YEAR OLD |
Joan of Arc
led the French army to victory at
Orléans when she was only 17
years old. This event was the turning point in the Hundred
Years' War. A peasant girl, Joan became a symbol of national
consciousness.
At age 19, she was captured and burned as a heretic because
she claimed to have been guided by divine voices. |
timeline of the Hundred Years' War
1340 Edward III of England declares
himself king of France
1340 Naval battle of Sluys, Netherlands; English victory
1346 Battle of Crécy, France; English victory
1356 Battle of Poitiers, France; English victory and capture of the
French King John
II
1360 Treaty of Brétigny
1360 Treaty of Calais
1372 Naval battle of La Rochelle, France; the French regain control
of the English Channel
1407 Civil war breaks out in France
1415 Battle of Agincourt, France; English victory
1429 English raise Siege of Orleans, France
1431 Joan of Arc burns at the stake in Rouen, France
1450 Battle of Formigny, France; French victory
1451 Guyenne, France, recaptured by the French
1453 Battle of Castillon, France; French victory
VICTIMS
The Hundred Years' War together with the plague killed at least a
third of the population of Europe (six to ten million.)
WHO WON? WHO
LOST?
France was the victor of the more than 100 years of war. It regained all of
its continental estates from the English, except Calais, which the
English eventually relinquished in 1558.
More detail: France looked very bad in
the first part of the Hundred Years' War. However, they managed to
turn things around.
Here is the
timeline chart
for the Hundred Years' War.
Here are some great graphs.
MAPS OF THE HUNDRED
YEARS' WAR
Here is the map of Europe in 1360.
EUROPE 1360
Click map to enlarge
This is a map of the English campaigns in France during the reign of
Edward III, 1327 - 1377.
France
1327 - 1377
Click map to enlarge
This is a map of the extent of the English conquests in France, 1382
- 1453.
France
1382 - 1453
Click map to enlarge
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