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Korean War 1950-1953

The Korean War was fought from June 1950 until July 1953.


Who fought?

North Korea
(Democratic People's Republic of Korea)

vs.

South Korea
(Republic of Korea)


The Soviet Union and China allied with North Korea.

The United Nations allied with South Korea.

The United Nations contingent mainly consisted of troops from the United States, but also from Britain, Canada, Australia, Colombia, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Turkey, the Philippines, and others.

 

BACKGROUND OF THE KOREAN WAR

In 1910, Korea was annexed to Japan. When Japan lost  World War II in August 1945, the Allies decided to divide Korea at the 38th parallel.

The North was occupied by the U.S.S.R. and the South by the United States.

The North was organized as the Democratic People's Republic of Korea under Kim Il-Sung. The South was organized as the Republic of Korea under Rhee Syngman.



WHAT STARTED THE KOREAN WAR ?

On June 25, 1950, North Korea invaded South Korea.

U.S. President Harry S. Truman's exact response is said to have been, "By God, I'm going to let them have it!"

In this eager spirit, and without asking Congress for an official declaration of war, Truman dispatched troops, led by  General Douglas MacArthur, to aid South Korea. China then dispatched troops to aid the North.

 


WHAT ENDED THE KOREAN WAR ?

In 1953, Dwight D. Eisenhower became US president.

Also in 1953, the leader of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin, died. The USSR withdrew from North Korea.

On July 27, 1953, the Panmunjom Armistice (P'anmunjom Peace) ended the Korean War. The agreement was signed by representatives of the UN, of North Korea, and of China.

Check this event in the Timeline of the Korean War.

 

HOW MANY VICTIMS DID THE KOREAN WAR CLAIM?

Estimates start with 2.5 million.

Other sources estimate that three million Koreans, military and civilian, and approx. 900,000 Chinese and more than 33,000 American troops were killed.

 

BATTLES OF THE KOREAN WAR

February 13-15, 1951 - Battle of Chip' Yong-Ni (Chipyong-Ni)

The Korean War Veterans Alliance informs us:

The battle was a major turning point in the Korean War in that it marked the end of the CCF holding the initiative.

U.N. casualties in the fighting at Chip’yong-ni were 51 killed, 250 wounded and 42 missing. Communist casualties came to about 2,000 killed and 3,000
wounded, although their actual losses were assumed to be much higher. The fighting at Chip’yong-ni established that U.N. and U.S. forces could withstand just about anything and everything the communists could throw at them. The CCF never again held the clear strategic initiative during the war.

 

April 22-25, 1951 - Battle of Imjin River - North Korean victory

 

MAPS OF THE KOREAN WAR

And here are the maps

Map of the Korean War: Principal Campaigns 1950 - 1953.
Korean War: Principal Campaigns 1950 - 1953

 

Map of the Korean War: June 1 - September 1950
Korean War: June 1 - September 1950

 

Map of the Korean War: U.N. Delay, Withdrawal and Defense, Operations June 25 - August 5, 1950.
Korean War: U.N. Delay, Withdrawal and Defense,
Operations June 25 - August 5, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: Taegu-Pusan Area, U.N. Defense, Situation August 26, 1950, Operations Since August 5, 1950.
Korean War: Taegu-Pusan Area, U.N. Defense,
Situation August 26, 1950, Operations Since August 5, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: Taegu-Pusan Area, U.N. Defense, Situation September 10, 1950, Operations Since August 27, 1950.
Korean War: Taegu-Pusan Area, U.N. Defense,
Situation September 10, 1950, Operations Since August 27, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Offensive, Situation September 26, 1950, Operations Since September 15, 1950.
Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Offensive,
Situation September 26, 1950, Operations Since September 15, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Offensive, Situation September 26, 1950, Operations Since September 15, 1950. Close-Up.
Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Offensive,
Situation September 26, 1950, Operations Since September 15, 1950. Close-Up.

 

Map of the Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Advance to the Yalu River, Initial Chinese Counter-Attack, Situation October 26, 1950, Operations Since October 7, 1950.
Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Advance to the Yalu River,
Initial Chinese Counter-Attack, Situation October 26, 1950, Operations Since October 7, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Advance to the Yalu River, Situation November 24, 1950, Operations Since October 26, 1950.
Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Advance to the Yalu River,
Situation November 24, 1950, Operations Since October 26, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Chinese Communist Offensive, Situation December 5, 1950, Operations November 26 - December 15, 1950.
Korean War: North Korea. U.N. Chinese Communist Offensive,
Situation December 5, 1950, Operations November 26 - December 15, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: South Korea. Second Invasion of South Korea, Situation January 24, 1951, Operations Since December 31, 1950.
Korean War: South Korea. Second Invasion of South Korea,
Situation January 24, 1951, Operations Since December 31, 1950.

 

Map of the Korean War: November 3, 1950 - January 1951
Korean War: November 3, 1950 - January 1951

 

Map of the Korean War: January 1951 - 1953
Korean War: January 1951 - July 1953

 

Map of the Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Counter-Offensive, Situation April 22, 1951, Operations Since January 25, 1951.
Korean War: South Korea. U.N. Counter-Offensive,
Situation April 22, 1951, Operations Since January 25, 1951.

 

Map of the Korean War: The Battle of Chip' Yong-Ni (Chipyong-Ni) February 13-15, 1951.
Map of the Korean War: The Battle of Chip' Yong-Ni (Chipyong-Ni) February 13-15, 1951.

 

Map of the Korean War: South Korea. Operation Ripper, Situation March 6-31, 1951.
Korean War: South Korea. Operation Ripper, Situation March 6-31, 1951.



Map of the Korean War: Central Korea. Communist Spring Offensive (First Impulse), Situation on April 30, 1951, Operations Since April 22, 1951, Probing Attacks by U.N. Forces, May 1 - 10, 1951.
Korean War: Central Korea. Communist Spring Offensive (First Impulse), Situation on April 30, 1951, Operations Since April 22, 1951, Probing Attacks by U.N. Forces, May 1 - 10, 1951.

 

Map of the Korean War: Central Korea. Communist Spring Offensive (Second Impulse), Situation on May 20, 1951, Operations Since May 14, 1951.
Korean War: Central Korea. Communist Spring Offensive (Second Impulse), Situation on May 20, 1951, Operations Since May 14, 1951.

 

Map of the Korean War: Central Korea. U.N. Offensive, Situation on November 27, 1951, Operations Since May 23, 1951.
Korean War: Central Korea. U.N. Offensive, Situation on November 27, 1951, Operations Since May 23, 1951.

 

Map of Central Korea 1951-1953
Korean War: Central Korea. Stalemate in Korea, General Defense Line and Corps Sectors During the Period of Armistice Talks, November 1951 - July 1953


 

 

TIMELINES OF THE KOREAN WAR

Korean War Timeline - 1950

Korean War Timeline - 1951

Korean War Timeline - 1952

Korean War Timeline - 1953

 

 

Korean War Timeline (USMA)
Korean War Timeline (USMA)

 

 




The Korean War in the Stream of Time


 

 

 

Check the costs of major US wars in comparison.

 

 

See also American Timeline


 

 

 

 

 

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