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HOME   -   PEOPLE IN HISTORY A-Z   -   RICHARD THE LION-HEART

 
   


Richard I the Lion-Heart  1157-1199

 

Richard I the Lion-Heart  1157-1199

Richard Lionheart was Richard I, king of England from 1189 until 1199.

A Crusader by heart, Richard and King Philip Augustus of France kicked butt during the Third Crusade, which took place 1189-1192.

Besides being Richard I King of England, he was also the Duke of Aquitaine, Poitiers, and Normandy, and Count of Anjou.


Richard the Lion-Heart's Strong Points

Richard's prowess and tremendous energy became legendary. He was an excellent soldier.

 

Richard's Weak Points

Richard was so excited about going on Crusade that he completely forgot to appoint a deputy ruler who could keep things together while he was gone. Therefore, his weaknesses were absence of foresight and sense of responsibility.

He also could be hot-tempered and capable of great cruelty.

 

Richard's Achievements

His successes, on the other hand, were that he managed to accumulate the money to raise a formidable naval fleet and an army, with which he departed for the Holy Land.

Even though he was not able to re-capture Jerusalem, he made a truce for three years with Saladin that gave Christian pilgrims free access to the holy places.

On the way back from the Holy Land, he was captured in Vienna. His country had to pay an enormous ransom, but he eventually recovered all his lands and power he once held.

 

Richard's Successor

1199-1204 - On the death of King Richard, his brother John claims and makes himself master of England and Normandy and the other large continental possessions of the early Plantagenet princes.

Philip Augustus asserts the cause of Prince Arthur, John's nephew, against him. Arthur is murdered, but the French king continues the war against John, and conquers from him Normandy, Brittany, Anjou, Maine, Touraine, and Poitiers.

 

Richard's Family

Richard's mother was the famous Eleanor of Aquitaine.

His father was Henry II.



 

And here is the map of Richard's crusade

Europe and the Mediterranean Lands about 1190. Inset: Guelf, Hohenstaufen and Ascanian Domains in Germany about 1176.
MAP OF EUROPE 1190
Click map to enlarge


 

 

See also the chart Governments in History.

 

 

 

 

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