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Brabant Revolution — 1789-1790

Brabant was located in the center of the Austrian Netherlands.


What Caused the Brabant Revolution?

The Spanish Netherlands (approx. today's Belgium and Luxembourg) became the Austrian Netherlands in 1713.

Its inhabitants were ready to shake off their Austrian Habsburg rulers, especially when Holy Roman Emperor  Joseph II overhauled the local administration and, in 1789, abolished the Joyeuse Entrée, or Joyous Entry, a charter of liberties that had been in place since 1356.

Encouraged by the outbreak of the French Revolution in July 1789, the Belgian revolt broke out in November 1789. Epicenter of the uprising was the region of Brabant, hence its name.

The main intellectual leaders of the revolt were Henri van der Noot and Jean-François Vonck.

Here is the map

Central Europe 1789
Central Europe 1789
Click map to enlarge

 

Events in the Brabant Revolution

Led by Jean-André van der Meersch, the Belgians fought the Austrians, led by General Richard d'Alton, in the Battle of Turnhout on October 24, 1789, and won.


By November 1789, Austrian garrisons had withdrawn from the larger cities. The Belgians had the Austrians pushed back to the Meuse River.

In December 1789, an armistice was concluded. And on January 11, 1790, the rebels proclaimed an independent republic, the United Belgian States.

Richard d'Alton, by the way, was ordered to come to Vienna and to explain himself with regards to accusations that his men had contributed to and actively provoked the uprising by employing arbitrary violence. He was said to have taken a staunch and resolute position concerning the implementation of Emperor Joseph II's reforms. D'Alton killed himself on February 16, 1790 at Trier.

Back to the Brabant Revolution.

The Austrians had again everything under control by December 1790.

The rebels looked to France for liberation and in 1792 the French revolutionary armies arrived. Austria managed to hang on a while longer but officially lost the Austrian Netherlands to France on October 1, 1795.


 

Map of the Austrian Netherlands and Brabant in 1792
Map of the Austrian Netherlands and Brabant in 1792
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