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The Hundred Years' War 1337-1453
The Hundred Years' War was fought
between
England and
France
over a period of more than a hundred
years, to be exact from 1337 - 1453.
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The Hundred Years' War in a Nutshell
Battles flared up sporadically and took place mainly because of
disagreements concerning the legitimate successor to the French
crown.
The battleground was almost entirely in France.
Map of France in 1453
What Started the War?
In 1337, French king Philip VI confiscated Guyenne, an area
in southwest France that belonged to the English king
Edward III.
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This act became the straw that broke the camel's
back and turned an ongoing quarrel between
England and France into an outright war between
the two.
What Ended the War?
The turning point of the war was the raising of the
Siege of Orleans by
the English in 1429. They were driven out of Northern France and the
final battle took place at Castillon on July 17, 1453, with a
victory for France.
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NOT YOUR AVERAGE 17 YEAR OLD —
JOAN OF ARC
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Joan of Arc
led the French army to victory at
Orléans when she was only 17
years old. This event was the turning point in the Hundred
Years' War. A peasant girl, Joan became a symbol of national
consciousness.
At age 19, she was captured and burned as a heretic because
she claimed to have been guided by divine voices. |
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Timeline of the Hundred Years' War
1340 Edward III of England declares
himself king of France
1340 Naval battle of Sluys, Netherlands; English victory
1346 Battle of Crécy, also
called the Battle of Cressy, France; English victory
1356
Battle of Poitiers, France; English victory and capture of the
French
King John
II
1360
Treaty of Brétigny
1360
Treaty of
Calais
1372 Naval battle of La Rochelle, France; the French regain control
of the English Channel
1407 Civil war breaks out in France
1415
Battle of Agincourt, France; English victory
1429, February 12 -
Battle of the
Herrings (Battle of Rouvay)
1429 English raise
Siege of Orleans, France
1429, June 18
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Battle of Patay,
French victory
1431, May 30 -
Joan of Arc
burns at the stake in Rouen
1450 Battle of Formigny, France; French victory
1451
Guyenne, France, recaptured by the French
1453 Battle of Castillon, France; French victory
Victims of the Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War together with the plague killed at least a
third of the population of Europe (six to ten million.)
Who Won? Who Lost?
France was the victor of the more than 100 years of war. It regained all of
its continental estates from the English, except Calais, which the
English eventually relinquished in 1558.
More detail: France looked very bad in
the first part of the Hundred Years' War. However, they managed to
turn things around.
Here is the
Hundred Years' War in the Stream of Time.
Maps on the Hundred Years' War
Map of France in 1314 - Prior to the War
1346 The Hundred Years War: Edward's
Route to Crecy
1346 Battle of Crecy
1356 Battle of Poitiers: Positioning
1356 Battle of Poitiers
EUROPE 1360
Click map to enlarge
1360 France
1360 France (USMA)
This is a map of the English campaigns in France during the reign of
Edward III, 1327 - 1377.
France
1327 - 1377
Click map to enlarge
And more maps...
Map of the Burgundian Lands 1361-1543
1377 France
1378-1417
Europe Great Schism
This is a map of the extent of the English conquests in France, 1382
- 1453.
France
1382 - 1453
Click map to enlarge
And even more maps...
15th
Century Europe
Map of
Henry V's First Campaign in France 1415
1422 France
1453 France
1455-1494
England and France
More History
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